Is it good for women to have contraceptive rings?

(1) Mechanical action: As a foreign body, it causes a mild, chronic, non-bacterial inflammatory reaction in the endometrium, thereby changing the intrauterine environment and preventing the fertilized egg from implanting.

(2) Phagocytic action: mainly macrophages and neutrophils play the role of phagocytosis and destruction of sperm.

(3) Effect of inflammatory cells: When the degenerative substances of inflammatory cells reach a certain concentration, they poison the embryo and prevent it from continuing to develop.

(4) Prostaglandin effect: Intrauterine contraceptive devices can stimulate the endometrium to produce prostaglandins, which cause abnormal contraction and peristalsis of the uterus and fallopian tubes, while enhancing the effect of estrogen, making the intrauterine environment unfavorable for implantation.

(5) Action of active substances: The intrauterine contraceptive device can be made of metallic copper. It can achieve the purpose of contraception through local changes in the internal environment such as the endometrium and uterine fluid, and through toxic effects on sperm.