How to test for HIV

Modern people are very afraid of AIDS because it causes great harm to the body and is a contagious disease. It is mainly caused by infection with the HIV virus, which can cause damage to the body's immune system. Once the immune system is damaged, various diseases will occur in the body. Moreover, the incubation period of AIDS varies in length, and some may not develop an attack for 10 years. Therefore, testing for AIDS has become a very important part. How to detect AIDS?

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1. Test of immune function

The main symptoms are moderate or above cellular immune deficiency, including: CD4+T lymphocyte depletion, significant decrease in peripheral blood lymphocytes, CD4 <200/μl, CD4/CD8 <1.0 (normal is 1.25-2.1), negative delayed allergic skin test, and poor response to mitogen stimulation. NK cell activity decreased.

2. Pathogen inspection for various pathogenic infections

Such as using PCR methods to detect related pathogens and histopathological examination of malignant tumors.

3. HIV antibody test

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gelatin particle agglutination test, immunofluorescence detection, immunoblotting detection, radioimmunoprecipitation method, etc. are used, among which the first three are often used for screening tests, and the latter two are used for confirmation tests.

4.PCR technology is used to detect HIV virus.

The test method is to draw venous blood for testing (that is, blood is drawn at the bend of the arm). The steps that need to be paid for are roughly as follows: go to the hospital to make an appointment with the dermatology department, and tell the doctor that you want to undergo HIV testing (different hospitals may have different handling methods here, some doctors will register personal information, and some will not). The doctor may suggest that you test for syphilis or other sexually transmitted diseases at the same time (because people infected with AIDS are also easily infected with other sexually transmitted diseases). At this time, it is based on your needs. After that, the doctor will issue a test order; take the test order to the payment office to pay (the fee includes the cost of testing reagents and blood drawing needles. The reagents are of two types: imported and domestic. Generally, you will not be allowed to choose. If you only check HIV, the fee is about 40 yuan (for reference only)), then go to the blood drawing office to draw blood. Regarding the results, if the hospital tests faster, the results will be available on the same day, and if it is slower, it will take about three days. The time may vary from hospital to hospital. The test results will be given in the form of a paper report, which can usually be printed by scanning the QR code on the self-service printer of the test form with your medical card. Regarding the interpretation of the results, the hospital has three types of test results: negative for no infection, positive for suspected infection, and unconfirmed requiring further blood tests.

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